详细释义

1. 公民的，市民的，国民的，国民间的
2. 文明的，开化的
3. 客气的，有礼貌的
4. 国内的，国家的，政府的
5. 民用的，民间的，一般平民的，世俗的
6. 文职的
7. 【律】民事的，法定的

英英释义

1. applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military;
   "civil authorities"
2. not rude; marked by satisfactory (or especially minimal) adherence to social usages and sufficient but not noteworthy consideration for others;
   "even if he didn't like them he should have been civil"
3. of or occurring within the state or between or among citizens of the state;
   "civil affairs"
   "civil strife"
   "civil disobedience"
   "civil branches of government"
4. of or relating to or befitting citizens as individuals;
   "civil rights"
   "civil liberty"
   "civic duties"
   "civic pride"
5. (of divisions of time) legally recognized in ordinary affairs of life;
   "the civil calendar"
   "a civil day begins at mean midnight"
6. of or in a condition of social order;
   "civil peoples"

双语例句

1. Voting is the exercise of acivilright.
   投票是行使一项公民权利。
2. We were married in acivilceremony, not in church.
   我们结婚採用了非宗教仪式,没有去教堂举行婚礼。
3. It was acivilcase.
   这是一起民事案件。
4. A civil war is one between people of the same country.
   内战是同一国家内的战争。
5. Man is acivilcreature.
   人是文明的动物。
6. He said acivilgood morning.
   他彬彬有礼地说了声早安。
7. The law shall strictly protect civil rights.
   法律应严格保护公民的权利。
8. The presence of the army should act as a check on civil unrest.
   军队的存在应能制止民间的动乱。
9. The America Civil War broke out during the presidency of Lincoln.
   在林肯就职其间,美国爆发了内战。
10. I am working on a master's degree incivilarchitecture.
    我在攻读民用建筑专业的硕士学位。
11. It was a civil case so there was no question of him being sent to prison.
    这是一桩民事案件，他没有被送进监狱的可能。

1. He was not at allcivil.
   他一点礼貌也没有。
2. The rude sea grewcivilat her song.
   波涛汹涌的大海在她的歌声下也变得温顺了。

1. The courteous boy wascivilto everybody.
   这个谦恭的男孩对每一个人都很有礼貌。

1. It wascivilof them to do so.
   他们这样做是通情达理的。

辞彙搭配

• civil action民事诉讼
• civil affairs民政事务
• civil answer有礼貌的回答
• civil duties公民义务
• civil life公民生活
• civil servants文职人员,公务员
• civil service文官(总称)
• civil society文明社会
• civil war内战

• civil to offer the help有礼貌的提供帮助

• civil to strangers对陌生人有礼貌

词语用法

1. civil的基本含意是“公民的,平民的”,也可作“非军职的,非宗教的; 国民间的,民用的; 民事的,民法的”解,常用作定语,无比较级和最高级形式。
2. civil还可作“文明的,有教养的”解,常与介词of或to连用,可用于比较等级。

习惯用语

• keep a civil tongue in your head.

• not have a civil word to say about s.b.
  to not beabletothinkof anything good to say about someone.
  说不出（某人）甚幺好话；对（某人）没有任何好感。

词义辨析

• civil, courteous, polite
• 这组词的共同意思是“有礼貌的”。其区别在于
  1.polite指教养良好而举止谈吐彬彬有礼。
  2.civil指仅仅满足社会交往的一般要求,有时仅指不粗野。例如:
  Be civil in your speech.讲话要客气。
  He was very civil to us when we went to see him.我们去见他的时候,他待我们非常客气。
  3.courteous则指考虑更为周到,举止更为高雅。例如:
  She was pleased at the courteous way in which he addressed her.他跟她讲话时的那种谦恭的样子令她十分愉快。
  It was courteous of him to give his seat to my mother.他把座位让给我母亲真有礼貌。
• polite civil courteous
• 这些形容词均含“礼貌的、客气的”之意。
• polite:polite普通常用词，指言论举止无论何时均严谨有礼，很有教养。
• civil:civil语气弱于polite，着重只达到社交的一般要求，避免粗鲁。
• courteous:courteous指言谈举止典雅，谦恭有礼，更侧重考虑他人的感情与尊严。

词源解说

经典引文

• To exercise civil dominion of their own.
  出自R. Hooker
• The instruction of heathen children in..civil knowledge.
  出自Horace Walpole
• Compelled by civil troubles to go into banishment.
  出自Ld Macaulay